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Agnes von Mansfeld-Eisleben (1551–1637) was Countess of Mansfeld and the daughter of Johann (Hans) Georg I, of Mansfeld Eisleben. She converted Gebhard, Seneschal of Waldburg, the Prince-Elector of Electorate of Cologne and archbishop of the Diocese of Cologne to the Protestant faith, leading to the Cologne War (1583–1588). After a multiple year odyssey in which she and her husband sought refuge in several parts of northern Germany, Gebhard relinquished his claim on the Electorate. They settled in Strassbourg, where he had retained a position in the Cathedral chapter. After his death in 1601, she came under the protection of the Duke of Wūrttemberg, who had himself been chased from his duchy. She died in 1637. ==Affair== Agnes was the daughter of Johann (Hans) Georg I, of Mansfeld Eisleben (1515 14 August 1579), and his wife, Katharina of Mansfeld-Hinterort (1521/1525 1580/1583).〔 Accessed 9 July 2009.〕 Although born and raised in the town of Mansfeld, in Saxony, as an adult, Agnes von Mansfeld Eisleben became a Protestant canoness at a cloister in Gerresheim, today a district of Düsseldorf. Agnes' sister Sibilla lived in the city of Cologne, having married to the ''Freiherr'' (baron) Peter von Kriechingen; although a member of the cloister, Agnes was not bound to it and was free during her days to move about the city. She visited Sibilla one day, and was noticed by the Elector of Cologne, Gebhard, Truchsess von Waldburg. Reportedly a beautiful woman (she was also known as the lovely Mansfeld girl)〔 Johann Heinrich Hennes, ''Der Kampf um das Erzstift Köln zur Zeit der Kurfürsten'', 1878, pp. 4–25; Friedrich Schiller, ed. Morrison, Alexander James William, ''History of the Thirty Years' War'' (in ''The Works of Frederick Schiller'') (Bonn, 1846).〕 he sought her out, and they started a liaison. Two of her brothers, Hoyer and Ernst, visited Gebhard at the archbishop's palace in the electoral capital of Bonn, and convinced him to marry her.〔 Leonard Ennen, ''Geschichte der Stadt Köln,'' Düsseldorf, Schwann'schen, 1880, pp. 291–297. Schiller, Friedrich, ed. Morrison, Alexander James William, ''History of the Thirty Years' War'' (in ''The Works of Frederick Schiller'') (Bonn, 1846).〕 She insisted Gebhard first convert to Calvinism. The difficulties of a conversion by a Catholic Archbishop and Prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire had been faced before: Hermann von Wied had also converted to Protestantism, and had resigned from his office. Similarly, Gebhard's immediate predecessor, Salentin IX of Isenburg-Grenzau had resigned to marry when it appeared his family line would become extinct. Initially, it appeared that Gebhard would resign. However, several of his associates in the Cathedral chapter convinced him that he could have the lady ''and'' the Electorate.〔Hennes, pp. 78–80.〕 Before Christmas in 1582, he proclaimed the Reformation from the pulpit in Cologne, establishing Protestantism on parity with Catholicism in the archdiocese.〔N.M. Sutherland, ''Origins of the Thirty Years War and the Structure of European Politics.'' The English Historical Review, Vol. 107, No. 424 (Jul., 1992), pp. 587–625, p. 606.〕 This declaration of parity between Protestantism and Catholics in an electoral territory contravened the Religious Peace of Augsburg established in 1555. In this document, to which the all the Estates of the Holy Roman Empire agreed, confirmed the co-existence of Lutheranism and Catholicism in select polities were both religious were already established; in all other regions, the principle of Cuius regio, eius religio (loosely translated from Latin as "Whose realm, his religion") confirmed the religion of the reigning sovereign to be the religion of his subjects. 〔Steven Ozment, ''The Age of Reform 1250–1550, An Intellectual and Religious History of Late Medieval and Reformation Europe.'' New Haven: Yale University Press, 1986, ISBN 9780300027600 p.259.〕 Any other Christian religious practice, such as Calvinism, was considered heresy.〔Hajo Holborn, ''A History of Modern Germany, The Reformation.'' Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1959 (), ISBN 9780691007953, pp.243–246.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Agnes von Mansfeld-Eisleben」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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